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+Please feel free to send documentation patches to the vbox-dev [https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Mailing_lists mailing list].
+
+= Local macOS/Arm runnable build notes =
+
+These notes describe a local workflow for building and running a test
+!VirtualBox.app on macOS/Arm while iterating on host-side code.  This is not a
+distribution packaging recipe.  The official packaging and release signing path
+remains in `src/VBox/Installer/darwin/Makefile.kmk`.
+
+The workflow below is intended for non-hardened OSE developer builds using
+Xcode command line tools, Homebrew packages and ad-hoc or local code signing.
+
+== Configure ==
+
+Configure once and source the generated environment file before running `kmk`.
+
+{{{
+./configure.py \
+    --disable-hardening \
+    --with-kbuild-path="$PWD/kBuild/kBuild" \
+    --with-macossdk-path="$(xcrun --sdk macosx --show-sdk-path)" \
+    --with-xcode-path=/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools \
+    --with-qt-path=/opt/homebrew
+
+source ./env.sh
+}}}
+
+The generated `env.sh` must be valid to source even when the host environment
+contains paths with spaces.
+
+== Local tool overrides ==
+
+The source tree normally expects Oracle-style bundled tool trees under
+`tools/darwin.arm64`, including a `clang/v*` tree and SDK directory names such
+as `MacOSX11.0.sdk` and `MacOSX14.5.sdk`.  A local Xcode-only machine can still
+build selected host-side targets by making those paths explicit.
+
+{{{
+SDK="$(xcrun --sdk macosx --show-sdk-path)"
+XCBIN="$(dirname "$(xcrun --find clang)")"
+QTBIN=/opt/homebrew/share/qt/libexec
+
+KMK_DARWIN_ARM_LOCAL="
+PATH_SDK_MACOSX110=$SDK
+PATH_SDK_MACOSX145=$SDK
+PATH_TOOL_VBoxXClangMacho=$XCBIN
+TOOL_VBoxXClangMacho_AR=$XCBIN/ar
+TOOL_VBoxXClangMacho_STRIP=$XCBIN/strip
+PATH_TOOL_QT6_BIN=$QTBIN
+"
+}}}
+
+Some Homebrew Qt installations expose `moc`, `rcc` and `uic` through
+`/opt/homebrew/share/qt/libexec` rather than `/opt/homebrew/bin`.  If `kmk`
+fails while generating Qt resources with `/opt/homebrew/bin/rcc: Command not
+found`, keep `PATH_TOOL_QT6_BIN` pointed at the libexec directory above.
+
+== Build a target ==
+
+For example, to build the host-side DXMT library with a specific LLVM
+installation:
+
+{{{
+source ./env.sh
+
+kmk VBoxDxMt \
+    VBOX_LLVM_PATH=/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm@15 \
+    VBOX_LLVM_CONFIG=/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm@15/bin/llvm-config \
+    $KMK_DARWIN_ARM_LOCAL
+}}}
+
+The resulting library is installed into:
+
+{{{
+out/darwin.arm64/release/dist/VirtualBox.app/Contents/MacOS/VBoxDxMt.dylib
+}}}
+
+== Stage a runnable app ==
+
+For a fresh local run, copy the staged app bundle out of the build tree:
+
+{{{
+RUNROOT=/tmp/vbox-local-run
+APP="$RUNROOT/VirtualBox.app"
+
+rm -rf "$RUNROOT"
+mkdir -p "$RUNROOT"
+ditto out/darwin.arm64/release/dist/VirtualBox.app "$APP"
+rm -rf "$APP/Contents/MacOS/testcase"
+}}}
+
+The testcase payload is not needed for a copied GUI VM run.  Removing it keeps
+the local app-signing step focused on runnable product binaries and avoids
+recursive signing failures on non-code testcase directories.
+
+For a fast single-library refresh into an already copied app, replace only the
+rebuilt image:
+
+{{{
+install -m 755 \
+    out/darwin.arm64/release/dist/VirtualBox.app/Contents/MacOS/VBoxDxMt.dylib \
+    "$APP/Contents/MacOS/VBoxDxMt.dylib"
+}}}
+
+Do not replace binaries in a running VM process.  Shut the VM down first.
+
+== Signing and entitlements ==
+
+macOS VM execution needs the VM process entitlements generated by the build
+system:
+
+{{{
+out/darwin.arm64/release/Entitlements.plist
+out/darwin.arm64/release/EntitlementsVM.plist
+}}}
+
+For normal ad-hoc kBuild signing, use `VBOX_SIGNING_MODE=adhoc`.  The build
+system signs VM process binaries with `EntitlementsVM.plist` and the Darwin
+installer makefile signs bundles from the inside out.  The installer makefile
+also documents the important hardened-runtime detail: `--deep` can lose
+entitlements, so VM and app bundles are signed again without `--deep`.
+
+For a local copied test app that loads locally rebuilt dylibs under hardened
+runtime, the VM process may also need library validation disabled.  Use a local
+VM entitlement file like this one:
+
+{{{
+cat > /tmp/vbox-local-vm.entitlements.plist <<'EOF'
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"
+    "https://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+  <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-jit</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-unsigned-executable-memory</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.cs.disable-executable-page-protection</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.cs.disable-library-validation</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.device.audio-input</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.device.usb</key><true/>
+  <key>com.apple.security.hypervisor</key><true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>
+EOF
+}}}
+
+Do not add `com.apple.vm.device-access` or `com.apple.vm.networking` to ad-hoc
+or ordinary local test entitlements.  They are release-signing entitlements
+reserved for specifically provisioned vendors and can make local builds fail
+with code signing errors.
+
+Sign changed Mach-O images first, then nested VM bundles, then the outer app
+bundle.  Prefer a stable local code-signing identity for repeated local runs.
+Identity-aware network filters such as Little Snitch track ad-hoc-signed
+programs by code hash, so every rebuilt `VirtualBoxVM` can otherwise look like
+a modified program and trigger a network identity warning.  If no local signing
+identity is available, the snippet falls back to ad-hoc signing.
+
+{{{
+IDENTITY="${IDENTITY:-$(security find-identity -v -p codesigning | \
+    sed -n 's/.*"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p' | head -n 1)}"
+: "${IDENTITY:=-}"
+VM_ENT=/tmp/vbox-local-vm.entitlements.plist
+APP_ENT=out/darwin.arm64/release/Entitlements.plist
+
+codesign --force --options runtime --timestamp=none \
+    --sign "$IDENTITY" \
+    "$APP/Contents/MacOS/VBoxDxMt.dylib"
+
+codesign --force --options runtime --timestamp=none \
+    --sign "$IDENTITY" \
+    --entitlements "$VM_ENT" \
+    "$APP/Contents/Resources/VirtualBoxVM.app/Contents/MacOS/VirtualBoxVM"
+
+codesign --force --options runtime --timestamp=none \
+    --sign "$IDENTITY" \
+    --entitlements "$VM_ENT" \
+    "$APP/Contents/Resources/VirtualBoxVM.app"
+
+codesign --force --options runtime --timestamp=none \
+    --sign "$IDENTITY" \
+    --entitlements "$APP_ENT" \
+    "$APP"
+}}}
+
+== Verify and run ==
+
+Inspect the final signatures and selected dynamic library links:
+
+{{{
+codesign -d -vv --entitlements :- \
+    "$APP/Contents/Resources/VirtualBoxVM.app/Contents/MacOS/VirtualBoxVM"
+
+otool -L "$APP/Contents/MacOS/VBoxDxMt.dylib"
+}}}
+
+Then start a test VM from the copied app bundle:
+
+{{{
+"$APP/Contents/MacOS/VBoxManage" startvm "<vm-name>" --type gui
+}}}