diff --git a/gazelle/MODULE.bazel b/gazelle/MODULE.bazel
index cff6341a2b..b6eed23c6f 100644
--- a/gazelle/MODULE.bazel
+++ b/gazelle/MODULE.bazel
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module(
 )
 
 bazel_dep(name = "bazel_skylib", version = "1.8.2")
-bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "0.18.0")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "1.5.0")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_go", version = "0.59.0", repo_name = "io_bazel_rules_go")
 bazel_dep(name = "gazelle", version = "0.47.0", repo_name = "bazel_gazelle")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_cc", version = "0.0.16")
diff --git a/gazelle/deps.bzl b/gazelle/deps.bzl
index 7072c6a372..c57d5193b8 100644
--- a/gazelle/deps.bzl
+++ b/gazelle/deps.bzl
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ def python_stdlib_list_deps():
     http_archive(
         name = "python_stdlib_list",
         build_file_content = """exports_files(glob(["stdlib_list/lists/*.txt"]))""",
-        sha256 = "aa21a4f219530e85ecc364f0bbff2df4e6097a8954c63652af060f4e64afa65d",
-        strip_prefix = "stdlib-list-0.11.0",
-        url = "https://github.com/pypi/stdlib-list/releases/download/v0.11.0/v0.11.0.tar.gz",
+        sha256 = "517824f27ee89e591d8ae7c1dd9ff34f672eae50ee886ea31bb8816d77535675",
+        strip_prefix = "stdlib_list-0.12.0",
+        url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8c/25/f1540879c8815387980e56f973e54605bd924612399ace31487f7444171c/stdlib_list-0.12.0.tar.gz",
     )
 
 def gazelle_deps():
diff --git a/gazelle/examples/bzlmod_build_file_generation/MODULE.bazel b/gazelle/examples/bzlmod_build_file_generation/MODULE.bazel
index 1f92ea3826..81719be01f 100644
--- a/gazelle/examples/bzlmod_build_file_generation/MODULE.bazel
+++ b/gazelle/examples/bzlmod_build_file_generation/MODULE.bazel
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ module(
 # For typical setups you set the version.
 # See the releases page for available versions.
 # https://github.com/bazel-contrib/rules_python/releases
-bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "1.4.0")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "1.5.0")
 
 # The following stanza defines the dependency rules_python_gazelle_plugin.
 # For typical setups you set the version.
diff --git a/gazelle/python/BUILD.bazel b/gazelle/python/BUILD.bazel
index 8218d0b6d9..1ffa2890e1 100644
--- a/gazelle/python/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/gazelle/python/BUILD.bazel
@@ -54,10 +54,12 @@ copy_file(
             "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.10": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.10.txt",
             "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.11": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.11.txt",
             "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.12": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.12.txt",
+            "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.13": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.13.txt",
+            "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.14": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.14.txt",
             "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.8": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.8.txt",
             "@rules_python//python/config_settings:is_python_3.9": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.9.txt",
-            # This is the same behaviour as previously
-            "//conditions:default": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.11.txt",
+            # Fall back to the latest stdlib list
+            "//conditions:default": "@python_stdlib_list//:stdlib_list/lists/3.14.txt",
         },
     ),
     out = "stdlib_list.txt",
diff --git a/news/3978.changed.md b/news/3978.changed.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8418abd0b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/news/3978.changed.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(gazelle) **BREAKING** rules_python 1.5.0 or higher is now required. The Python
+extension selects its standard library list on `is_python_3.14`, which earlier
+versions do not define.
diff --git a/news/3978.fixed.md b/news/3978.fixed.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c5cbb5f5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/news/3978.fixed.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(gazelle) The Python extension now uses the correct standard library module list for
+`python_version` 3.13 and 3.14; previously both fell back to the 3.11 list, so modules
+added or removed since then (e.g. `compression.zstd`, `telnetlib`) were misclassified. The
+fallback list for unrecognized versions is now the newest available one rather than 3.11
+([#3978](https://github.com/bazel-contrib/rules_python/pull/3978)).