fix: retry Foundry binary downloads

[davidmurdoch]

Explanation

@metamask/foundryup currently aborts an installation after a single transient failure while downloading a Foundry release archive. This makes consumers—especially parallel CI jobs—vulnerable to short-lived GitHub release-asset 5xx, rate-limit, socket-reset, and truncated-stream failures.

This PR retries the complete archive download and extraction operation for errors that are likely transient. Retrying the complete operation ensures a mid-stream failure starts again with a clean temporary directory rather than appending to or consuming a partial archive.

The default policy uses five total attempts with exponential backoff, equal jitter, a 1-second initial delay, and a 30-second delay cap. Permanent HTTP failures and validation errors still fail immediately. No new dependencies are introduced.

Consumers can override the policy with --max-attempts, --initial-retry-delay-ms, and --max-retry-delay-ms, or with the equivalent FOUNDRYUP_MAX_ATTEMPTS, FOUNDRYUP_INITIAL_RETRY_DELAY_MS, and FOUNDRYUP_MAX_RETRY_DELAY_MS environment variables. Setting --max-attempts 1 disables retries.

References

• Related to feat(analytics): enable tracking campaigns across browser sessions metamask-extension#45217
• Follow-up to the consumer-side workaround in ci: install anvil with retry metamask-extension#45482

Checklist

• I've updated the test suite for new or updated code as appropriate
• I've updated documentation (JSDoc, Markdown, etc.) for new or updated code as appropriate
• I've communicated my changes to consumers by updating changelogs for packages I've changed
• I've introduced breaking changes in this PR and have prepared draft pull requests for clients and consumer packages to resolve them

Validation

• yarn workspace @metamask/foundryup test:verbose --runInBand
• yarn eslint packages/foundryup/src/download.ts packages/foundryup/src/download.test.ts packages/foundryup/src/types.ts packages/foundryup/src/options.ts packages/foundryup/src/index.ts packages/foundryup/src/foundryup.test.ts
• yarn tsc --build packages/foundryup/tsconfig.lint.json
• yarn workspace @metamask/foundryup build
• yarn oxfmt --check eslint-suppressions.json packages/foundryup/src/download.ts packages/foundryup/src/download.test.ts packages/foundryup/src/types.ts packages/foundryup/src/options.ts packages/foundryup/src/index.ts packages/foundryup/src/foundryup.test.ts packages/foundryup/README.md packages/foundryup/CHANGELOG.md
• yarn workspace @metamask/foundryup changelog:validate
• node packages/foundryup/dist/cli.mjs --help