fix: support comment column names in ALTER TABLE

src/main/jjtree/net/sf/jsqlparser/parser/JSqlParserCC.jjt

@@ -3066,6 +3066,7 @@ Token KeywordOrIdentifier():
       | tk = <K_DATA>
       | tk = <K_TYPE>
       | tk = <K_VERSION>
+      | tk = <K_COMMENT>
     )
     { return tk; }
 }
@@ -17262,7 +17263,8 @@ AlterExpression AlterExpressionAddAlterModify():
         constraints=AlterExpressionConstraintState() { alterExp.setConstraints(constraints); }
         [ AlterExpressionUsingIndex(alterExp) ]
         |
-        LOOKAHEAD(2) (
+        // Include the literal: COLUMN comment is a column definition, not a COMMENT clause.
+        LOOKAHEAD(RelObjectName() <K_COMMENT> <S_CHAR_LITERAL>) (
           sk3=RelObjectName() <K_COMMENT> tk=<S_CHAR_LITERAL> { alterExp.withColumnName(sk3).withCommentText(tk.image); }
         )
         |

src/site/sphinx/usage.rst

@@ -811,6 +811,25 @@ One grammar covers every supported RDBMS, but a few pieces of syntax mean differ
 
 Features set explicitly *after* the preset win over it.
 
+ALTER column names
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Non-reserved names such as ``comment`` work unquoted in ``ADD``, ``MODIFY``,
+``CHANGE``, ``DROP`` and ``RENAME`` column actions. The ``COLUMN`` keyword does
+not change how the name is interpreted. Column definitions remain editable:
+
+.. code-block:: java
+
+    Alter alter = (Alter) CCJSqlParserUtil.parse(
+        "ALTER TABLE t MODIFY COLUMN comment TEXT",
+        parser -> parser.withDialect(Dialect.MYSQL));
+    AlterExpression.ColumnDataType column = alter.getAlterExpressions().get(0)
+        .getColDataTypeList().get(0);
+    column.setColumnName("notes");
+    column.getColDataType().setDataType("LONGTEXT");
+    // ALTER TABLE t MODIFY COLUMN notes LONGTEXT
+    String sql = alter.toString();
+
 PostgreSQL names and literals
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 

src/test/java/net/sf/jsqlparser/statement/alter/AlterCommentColumnTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*-
+ * #%L
+ * JSQLParser library
+ * %%
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 - 2026 JSQLParser
+ * %%
+ * Dual licensed under GNU LGPL 2.1 or Apache License 2.0
+ * #L%
+ */
+package net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.alter;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.JSQLParserException;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.parser.AbstractJSqlParser.Dialect;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.parser.CCJSqlParserUtil;
+import net.sf.jsqlparser.util.deparser.StatementDeParser;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+
+class AlterCommentColumnTest {
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {
+            "ADD COLUMN comment TEXT", "ADD comment TEXT", "MODIFY COLUMN comment TEXT",
+            "MODIFY comment TEXT", "MODIFY COLUMN `comment` TEXT",
+            "MODIFY COLUMN comment TEXT COMMENT 'note' AFTER id",
+            "CHANGE COLUMN comment comment2 TEXT", "CHANGE COLUMN old_name comment TEXT",
+            "DROP COLUMN comment", "DROP comment", "RENAME COLUMN comment TO comment2",
+            "RENAME COLUMN old_name TO comment"
+    })
+    void roundTripsUnquotedCommentColumn(String action) throws JSQLParserException {
+        for (Dialect dialect : new Dialect[] {null, Dialect.MYSQL}) {
+            Alter alter = parse("ALTER TABLE t " + action, dialect);
+            assertEquals(1, alter.getAlterExpressions().size());
+            assertRoundTrip(alter, dialect);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void exposesEditableColumnDefinitionInsteadOfColumnComment() throws JSQLParserException {
+        Alter alter = parse("ALTER TABLE t MODIFY COLUMN comment TEXT", Dialect.MYSQL);
+        AlterExpression action = alter.getAlterExpressions().get(0);
+        assertEquals(AlterOperation.MODIFY, action.getOperation());
+        assertNull(action.getCommentText());
+        AlterExpression.ColumnDataType column = action.getColDataTypeList().get(0);
+        assertEquals("comment", column.getColumnName());
+        assertEquals("TEXT", column.getColDataType().getDataType());
+        column.setColumnName("notes");
+        column.getColDataType().setDataType("LONGTEXT");
+        assertEquals("ALTER TABLE t MODIFY COLUMN notes LONGTEXT", alter.toString());
+        assertRoundTrip(alter, Dialect.MYSQL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void exposesBothNamesInRenameAndChange() throws JSQLParserException {
+        Alter rename = parse("ALTER TABLE t RENAME COLUMN comment TO notes", Dialect.MYSQL);
+        AlterExpression action = rename.getAlterExpressions().get(0);
+        assertEquals("comment", action.getColumnOldName());
+        assertEquals("notes", action.getColumnName());
+        action.setColumnName("remarks");
+        assertEquals("ALTER TABLE t RENAME COLUMN comment TO remarks", rename.toString());
+        assertRoundTrip(rename, Dialect.MYSQL);
+        Alter change = parse("ALTER TABLE t CHANGE COLUMN comment notes TEXT", Dialect.MYSQL);
+        assertEquals("comment", change.getAlterExpressions().get(0).getColumnOldName());
+        assertEquals("notes",
+                change.getAlterExpressions().get(0).getColDataTypeList().get(0).getColumnName());
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {"ALTER c COMMENT 'description'", "COMMENT = 'table description'",
+            "DROP COLUMN type", "DROP INDEX idx", "DROP CONSTRAINT ck", "RENAME TO other",
+            "RENAME INDEX idx TO other_idx", "RENAME CONSTRAINT ck TO other_ck"})
+    void preservesOtherAlterBranches(String action) throws JSQLParserException {
+        assertRoundTrip(parse("ALTER TABLE t " + action, null), null);
+    }
+
+    private static Alter parse(String sql, Dialect dialect) throws JSQLParserException {
+        return (Alter) CCJSqlParserUtil.parse(sql, p -> {
+            if (dialect != null) {
+                p.withDialect(dialect);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static void assertRoundTrip(Alter alter, Dialect dialect) throws JSQLParserException {
+        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        alter.accept(new StatementDeParser(buffer), null);
+        assertEquals(alter.toString(), buffer.toString());
+        assertEquals(alter.toString(), parse(buffer.toString(), dialect).toString());
+    }
+}