🛡️ Sentinel: [MEDIUM] Prevent error detail leakage in users API

[Pmaster-dev]

Prevent raw internal error details from being exposed to clients in HTTP 500 responses across the users API (server/api/v1/users.ts).

• 🚨 Severity: MEDIUM
• 💡 Vulnerability: Error details leakage (error.message) in HTTP 500 responses.
• 🎯 Impact: Potential information disclosure exposing internal system and stack information.
• 🔧 Fix: Sanitize internal error messages in catch blocks and log details server-side only.
• ✅ Verification: Checked code diff and error response structures across endpoints in server/api/v1/users.ts.

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 12590616364625154816 started by @Pmaster-dev

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